A Vital Tool for Communication and Preparedness
ARS (Amateur Radio Service), often known as HAM radio, is a popular hobby and service that brings people, electronics, and various communications technologies together. Individuals use HAM radio to talk across town, around the world, or even into space, all without the internet or cell phones. In the United States, amateur radio is governed by 47 CFR Part 97 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which regulates the frequency allocations and licensing requirements.
What is Amateur Radio?
Amateur radio is a form of non-commercial communication that allows licensed operators, known as “HAMs,” to communicate using various frequencies allocated by the FCC. These communications can be voice (AM/FM), digital (DMR/D-STAR/C4FM and many more), or Morse code. Unlike commercial broadcast stations, amateur radio operators can use a wide array of frequencies to communicate with others, whether they’re across the street or on the other side of the globe.
Typical Uses of Amateur Radio
HAM radio serves a multitude of purposes. Many enthusiasts engage in it as a hobby, experimenting with electronics and antennas, participating in contests, and seeking to make contacts with distant stations. However, amateur radio also plays a critical role in emergency communications (EmComm). In times of disaster, when traditional mobile/cell phone networks fail, HAM radio operators can provide essential communication links for emergency responders and aid organizations. HAM radio operators also support community events by providing communication assistance.
Amateur Radio in Emergency Disaster Preparation
For individuals and preppers, HAM radio is a crucial component of SHTF (S#it Hits The Fan) emergency disaster preparation. When disasters strike, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, or man-made crises, traditional communication infrastructures can be disrupted or overloaded. HAM radio operators can maintain communication, coordinate rescue efforts, and relay critical information, often serving as the only reliable means of communication. As well, preppers can rely on HAM radio for their personal family or group survival communications.
Benefits of Amateur Radio over Other Services
HAM radio offers several advantages over other communication services and is not limited to a small set of frequencies like General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS), Family Radio Service (FRS), Multi-Use Radio Service (MURS), Land Mobile Radio (LMR), and Citizens Band (CB) radio. Unlike GMRS, which is limited to relatively short to medium-range communication (and very short-range for MURS & FRS), HAM radio can provide long-distance communications. LMR is primarily used by businesses and government organizations and may not be accessible in an emergency, but may be utilized by preppers during a total breakdown of the rule of law. CB radio, while useful, is limited in range and subject to high levels of interference.
In general, HAM radio offers more power (up to 1500 Watts), better range, and the use of repeaters and other communications modes that can extend communication even further. Moreover, HAM radio fosters a sense of community and mutual assistance. Operators often form networks and clubs, providing support, sharing knowledge, and engaging in public service activities. This community spirit is particularly valuable during emergencies, as it seeks to ensure a well-coordinated and effective response.
License Requirements and How to Obtain One
To legally operate an amateur radio station, individuals must obtain a license from the FCC. There are three license classes: Technician, General, and Amateur Extra, each requiring a progressively comprehensive understanding of radio theory, regulations, and operating practices. The entry-level Technician license, which is currently $35 and lasts for 10 years, is relatively straightforward to obtain. It requires passing a multiple-choice exam covering basic regulations, operating practices, and electrical principles. Study materials and practice exams are widely available, and many amateur radio clubs offer courses to help beginners prepare for the exam. Even children can pass the technician class HAM test, so it may be easier than you expect to obtain your license, and a tech license gives you fairly wide VHF and UHF operating privileges from the 10 meter band and on up through all VHF & UHF frequencies (and higher), including access to thousands of repeaters across the country.
Common Frequency Bands and Repeaters
Amateur radio operators have access to numerous frequency bands, ranging from low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) bands, to super-high frequency (SHF) microwave frequencies and beyond. The most commonly used bands for beginners and general communications are Very High Frequency (VHF) and Ultra High Frequency (UHF) bands, with frequency ranges in the US between 50–54, 144–148, 219–222, and 430–450 MHz. These bands are ideal for local communication due to their relatively short range, the wide availability of affordable gear, and access to publicly available repeaters.
Repeaters are essential tools in the HAM radio community. They receive a signal on one frequency and simultaneously transmit it on another, significantly extending the range of communication. Repeaters are typically located on high points such as hills or tall buildings, providing coverage over wide areas. This makes them invaluable for local emergency communications and community activities, and can be utilized with small, portable HT (handle talkie or walkie-talkie) HAM radios such as the Wouxun KG-UV9PX, KG-UV9D Plus+ & KG-UV7D.
Conclusion
Amateur radio is more than just a hobby; it’s a vital tool for communication, particularly in times of emergency. Its ability to function independently of traditional communication infrastructure makes it indispensable for preppers and anyone involved in disaster preparedness. With relatively easy licensing requirements and a supportive community, HAM radio is an accessible and practical option for ensuring reliable communication in any situation. Whether you’re interested in technology, public service, or simply want to be prepared for the unexpected, amateur radio offers a versatile and powerful solution.
